【英文标准名称】:Ambientairquality-StandardmethodforthemeasurementofPb,Cd,AS,andNiinthePM10fractionofsuspendedparticulatematter
【原文标准名称】:环境空气质量.测量悬浮颗粒物质PM10成分中Pb、Cd、As和Ni的标准方法
【标准号】:BSEN14902-2005
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:2005-09-27
【实施或试行日期】:2005-09-27
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:气溶胶;空气净化;空气质量;环境空气;砷;原子吸收光谱测定法;原子吸收分光光度测定法;镉;定义;测定;石墨燃烧室原子吸收光谱法;ICP;铅;质谱学;镍;标准参考测量方法;基准方法;抽样方法;悬浮尘埃;试验设备
【英文主题词】:Aerosols;Airpurification;Airquality;Ambientair;Arsenic;Atomicabsorptionspectrometry;Atomicabsorptionspectrophotometry;Cadmium;Definition;Definitions;Determination;Graphite-furnaceatomicabsorptionspectrometry;ICP;Lead;Massspectrometry;Nickel;Referencemeasuringmethods;Referencemethods;Samplingmethods;Suspendeddust;Testequipment
【摘要】:ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesamethodforthedeterminationofparticulatelead(Pb),cadmium(Cd),arsenic(As)andnickel(Ni)inambientairthatcanbeusedintheframeworkoftheEuropeanCouncilDirectiveonAmbientAirQualityAssessmentandManagement[1]andthe1[2]and4[3]DaughterDirectives.PerformancerequirementswithwhichthemethodhastocomplyarespecifiedinthisEuropeanStandard.TheperformancecharacteristicsofthemethodweredeterminedincomparativefieldvalidationtestscarriedoutatfourEuropeanlocations(see[4]).ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesamethodforsamplingofPb,Cd,AsandNiaspartofthePM10aerosol,microwavedigestionofthesamplesandanalysisbygraphitefurnaceatomicabsorptionspectrometryorbyinductivelycoupledplasma(quadrupole)massspectrometry.ThisEuropeanStandardisapplicableforthemeasurementofPb,Cd,AsandNiaspartofthePM10aerosolfractionintheconcentrationrangeslistedinTable1.Theactuallowerlimitsoftheworkingrangesdependuponthevariabilityofthelaboratoryfilterblank(5.3.1).ThelowerlimitsoftheworkingrangesgiveninTable1areexpectedvaluesbaseduponperformanceachievedinthefieldvalidationtests.Similarlytheupperlimitsoftheworkingrangeshavebeensetarbitrarilybaseduponthemaximumdailyvaluesmeasuredduringthefieldvalidationtests.ThemethodcanbeappliedtohigherconcentrationsprovidedthePM10collectioncharacteristicsofthesamplerarenotcompromised.
【中国标准分类号】:Z15
【国际标准分类号】:13_040_20
【页数】:58P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforEvaluatingtheRelativeLightfastnessandWeatherabilityofPrintedMatter
【原文标准名称】:印刷品的相对光照牢度和耐气候性评定的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTMD3424-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D01.56
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:acceleratedexposure;carbon-arcapparatus;colordifferencemeasurements;daylightbehindwindowglass;fluorescentlampapparatus;grayscale;lightfastness;outdoorexposure;printedmatter;printinginks;weatherfastness;xenon-arcapparatus;Accelera
【摘要】:Lightfastnessorweatherabilityforspecifiedperiodsoftimeispertinentforcertaintypesofprintedmattersuchasmagazineandbookcovers,postersandbillboards,greetingcardsandpackages.Sincetheabilityofprintedmattertowithstandcolorchangesisafunctionofthespectral-powerdistributionofthelightsourcetowhichitisexposed,itisimportantthatlightfastnessbeassessedunderconditionsappropriatetotheend-useapplication.Theacceleratedprocedurescoveredintheseexposuremethodsprovidemeansfortherapidevaluationoflightfastnessorweatherabilityunderlaboratoryconditions.Testresultsareusefulforspecificationacceptancebetweenproduceranduserandforqualitycontrol.Thexenon-arclampwithanappropriatefiltersystemexhibitsaspectral-powerdistributionthatcorrespondsmorecloselytothatofdaylightthanthecarbon-arc.Inturn,acceleratedtestsusingxenon-arcapparatusmaybeexpectedtocorrelatebetterwithexposuretonaturaldaylightthandothoseusingcarbon-arcapparatus.Toaccommodatevariationsinlightintensityamongdays,seasons,locations,orinstruments,durationofexposureispreferablyexpressedastheradiantexposureinspecificbandpassesratherthantime.Ineithercase,theinclusionofanappropriatecontrolservestominimizeeffectsofvariationsintestconditions.Colorchangesarenotalinearfunctionofdurationofexposure.Thepreferredmethodofdetermininglightfastnessorweatherabilityistoexposetheprintsforanumberofintervalsandtoassessthetimeorradiantexposurerequiredtoobtainaspecifiedcolordifference.Foragivenprintingink,lightfastnessandweatherabilityorbothdependonthetypeofsubstrate,thefilmthicknessoftheprint,andtheareaprinted(solidversusscreen).Therefore,itisimportantthatthenatureofthetestandcontrolspecimenscorrespondtothatexpectedunderactualuseconditions.Note28212;SpecificationsD4302,D5067,andD5098provideusefulguidestothelightfastnessofpigmentsinseveraltypesofartists''paintsafter1260MJ/m2totalwindowglassfilteredsolarradiantexposure(equivalenttoabout2or3months''exposuretowindowglassfilteredsolarradiationinaccordancewithPracticeG24atatiltangleof45degrees).However,becauseofmajordifferencesbetweenprintinginksandartists''colors,especiallyinappliedfilmthickness,itcannotbeassumedthatthelightfastnesscategoriesofprintedinkfilmscontainingthesepigmentswillbecomparabletothoseindicatedinthethreespecifications.1.1Thisstandarddescribesproceduresforthedeterminationoftherelativelightfastnessandweatherabilityofprintedmatterunderthefollowingconditions,whichinvolveexposuretonaturaldaylightoracceleratedproceduresinthelaboratory:1.1.1Method18212;Daylightbehindwindowglass,1.1.2Method28212;Outdoorweathering,1.1.3Method38212;Xenon-arcapparatuswithwindowglassfilterstosimulatedaylightbehindwindowglass,1.1.4Method48212;Xenon-arcapparatuswithwatersprayanddaylightfilterstosimulateoutdoorweathering,1.1.5Method78212;Fluorescentlampapparatustosimulateindoorfluorescentlightingincombinationwithwindow-filtereddaylight......
【中国标准分类号】:A17
【国际标准分类号】:87_080
【页数】:7P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语